To do or not to do, that is Hamlet's dilemma. Throughout the play we have seen nothing but thinking, meditating, grieving and cursing from a mentally disturbed Hamlet. The only thing lacking is the action.
Friedrich Nietzsche compares Hamlet to the Dionysian man. He describes both them as those who "have once looked truly into the essence of things, they have gained knowledge, and nausea inhibits action"(39). The very theme of action versus inaction is clearly depicted in one of Hamlet's most famous soliloquies. He quietly meditates and thinks to be or not to be, to act or not to act, to remedy his situation or quietly suffer. Throughout his solemn wonderings Hamlet argues with himself, considering all the options and their opposites. Whether it would be better to suffer the effects of his misfortune or act against the rising obstacles. In the end, after mulling over the possibilities, he concludes with the fact that thinking too much has ruined the possibility of doing anything at all. As Nietzsche finely words it, "knowledge kills action"(39) of man. Hamlet considers actually doing anything impossible when second thoughts come into mind. There is no way anything will be done when "the native hue of resolution is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought"(III.i.92-93).
And thus, people like Hamlet or the Dionysian man have been cursed to a life of doing nothing. It is very hard for them to do anything, as they consider the fact of being asked to correct all the wrongness in the world as ridiculous and even humiliating. It seems that they consider that action is not able to change the eternal nature of things. Perhaps it may sound foolish and even lazy. But this conclusion has not been formulated out of ignorance or even an excuse to avoid work. It is the true and sad knowledge that "an insight into the horrible truth outweighs any motive for action"(39). Dreaming is hopeless when reality breaks in. According to Hamlet, "enterprises of great pitch and moment, with this regard their currents turn awry, and lose the name of action"(III.i.94-96).
For this, Hamlet will remain as inactive as he has been throughout the play. It may be easy to dream, to imagine and to fantasize over great projects and clever actions that could possibly improve the situation he has been forced to live through. However, Hamlet knows that there is little chance that any of those dreams will ever be able to give any product. The knowledge that there is so much more behind wishful thinking and hopeful daydreaming has dragged him deep down to earth, practically helpless by his pessimistic thoughts.
When it comes to consider whether to be or not to be for Hamlet and the Dionysian man, it seems that the inaction will be the very essence of their action.
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